L2+Hoffman,+Megan

** COLLEGE OF EDUCATION, HEALTH AND REHABILITATION **
 * ** UNIVERSITY OF MAINE AT FARMINGTON **

** LESSON PLAN FORMAT **


 * __Teacher’s Name __****: Mrs. Hoffman ** **__Lesson #:__ 2 __Facet:__ Empathy**
 * __Grade Level __****: 6-8 ** **__Numbers of Days:__ 4**
 * __Topic: __**** The Civil War: The Battles **


 * __PART I: __**

Students will understand that the Civil War impacted the foundations of the United States Today Students will know Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant, infantry, artillery, cavalry, George Meade, George McClellan, “Stonewall” Jackson, William T. Sherman, sequence of battles in the Civil War Students will be able to imagine themselves in various roles in the Civil War
 * __Objectives __**
 * Product **: Joomag

//<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Maine Learning Results Social Studies // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">E.History E1- Historical Knowledge, Concepts, Themes, and Patterns //
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Maine Learning Results (MLR) or Common Core State Standards (CCSS) Alignment __**

//<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Grade Level 6-8 "The Civil War and Reconstruction 1850-1877" //

//<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Students understand major eras, major enduring themes, and historic influences in the history of Maine, the United States, and various regions of the world. //

//<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Performance Indicators: b,c //
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rationale: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">This lesson meets the standard by discussing the Civil War, which was crucial to the history of the United States.
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Assessments __**


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Pre-Assessment: None __**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">At the end of the lesson, I will have the students do a quick write diary entry from the point of view of a civil war soldier during this time. They will share their quick write and those who aren’t quite grasping it can get extra help from me. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Self: Observation Chart, Quick Write <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Peer: Sharing of Quick Write <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Individually, students will be using an online magazine creator called JooMag to make a diary from the viewpoint of someone in the Civil War. This could be a union or confederate soldier, the president, a general or even a wife left behind. Students will include 6 journal entries and be able to design their own cover. **(20 points)**
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Formative (Assessment for Learning) __**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Section I – checking for understanding during instruction **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Section II – timely feedback for products (self, peer, teacher) **
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Summative (Assessment of Learning): __**


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Integration __**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Technology: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Students will be using JooMag which is an online magazine creator to create their own Civil War diaries as if they were part of the conflict. This is a type 2 technology because JooMag allows students to express their creativity but in a digital and interactive way.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content Areas: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> English- This product involves creative writing especially in a letter format. Art- By decorating their own cover, it allows them to express their creativity in a visual and artistic way.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students will use a flow chart to document the order of the battles as well as the significance of them. They will share with each other and the teacher will come around and look at what they have to make sure they understand the material. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">The JooMag project will be done individually
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Groupings __**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Section I - **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Graphic Organizer & Cooperative Learning used during instruction
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Section II – Groups and Roles for Product **
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Differentiated Instruction __**


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">MI Strategies __**

<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Verbal- The quick write diary will allow verbal learners to write their feelings.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Logic- The flow chart will allow logical learners to write the order of battles down in an organized way.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Kinesthetic- Trying the hardtack will help the kinestetic learner feel how the soldiers felt.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Interpersonal- Sharing the quick write will allow interpersonal learners time to share and talk with others.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Intrapersonal- writing the quick write diary will allow intrapersonal learners time for self- reflection

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Naturalist- the hardtack paired with being outside in nature will make the survival aspect feel more real to the naturalist learner.


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Modifications/Accommodations __**
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">From IEP’s ( Individual Education Plan), 504’s, ELLIDEP (English Language Learning Instructional Delivery Education Plan) //**//<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">I will review student’s IEP, 504 or ELLIDEP and make appropriate modifications and accommodations. //

<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Any students who are absent will be given additional time to complete any assignments given without penalty, provided that they email me with a due date within 3 days of the day back to school. Any extenuating circumstances will be judged on a case-by-case basis. I will have a wiki set up for notes on each class and it will be up to the student to see me for any handouts
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Plan for accommodating absent students: **


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Extensions __**


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Type II technology: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students will be using JooMag which is an online magazine creator to create their own Civil War diaries as if they were part of the conflict. This is a type 2 technology because JooMag allows students to express their creativity but in a digital and interactive way.


 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Gifted Students: **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students will research a specific general or historical figure from the Civil War and write their JooMag diary from that person’s point of view. Be sure to include specific events in that person’s life.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Laptops <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">JooMag account <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Projector <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">White Board and Markers <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Textbook <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Flow Chart GO <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hook Video made by Teacher (if unable to go outside) <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hardtack
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Materials, Resources and Technology __**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Flow Chart- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Robert E. Lee- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ulysses S. Grant- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">George Meade- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">George McClellan- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">“Stonewall” Jackson- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">William T. Sherman- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Military Terms- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fort Sumter- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">First Bull Run (Manassas)- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shiloh- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Antietam- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Vicksburg- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Gettysburg- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sherman’s March to the Sea- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[] <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Appomattox Court House- <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">[]
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Source for Lesson Plan and Research __**


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">PART II: __**

//<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Day 1: 80 Minutes // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Hook Activity (20 mins) // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Discussion of battles 1861 (40 mins) // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Introduce to JooMag and assignment (20 minutes) // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Day 2: 80 Minutes // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Discussion of Battles 1862 (50 minutes) // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Work on JooMag assignment (30 minutes) // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Day 3: 80 Minutes // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Discussion of Battles 1863 (60 minutes) // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Work on JooMag assignment (20 minutes) // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Day 4: 80 Minutes // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Discussion of Battles 1864-1865 (60 minutes) // //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Discussion of JooMags and sharing of entries (20 minutes) //
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Teaching and Learning Sequence __****<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> (Describe the teaching and learning process using all of the information from part I of the lesson plan) **//<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Take all the components and synthesize into a script of what you are doing as the teacher and what the learners are doing throughout the lesson. Need to use all the WHERETO’s. (3-5 pages) //

<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">The classroom will be arranged in a perimeter style with the desks arranged on the outside of the room. This will allow for room when we do the hook and when I do the discussion.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Teaching and Learning Sequence **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students will understand that the Civil War impacted the foundations of the United States today. //MLR- Students understand major eras, major enduring themes, and historic influences in the history of Maine,the United States, and various regions of the world.// The reason why students need to learn this is because the Civil War had detrimental effects on the nation and prevention of repetition is critical. My hook is to bring in hardtack for the students to try because it was a staple in a soldier’s diet during the Civil War. If it is possible, the hook will be outside. This paired with playing the song “Just Before The Battle Mother” will give students the feeling of fear and uncertainty that many soldiers felt.
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Where, What, Why, Hook, Tailors: Verbal, Logic, Kinesthetic, Intrapersonal, Musical, Naturalist **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students will know <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Robert E. Lee, Ulysses S. Grant, infantry, artillery, cavalry, George Meade, George McClellan, “Stonewall” Jackson, William T. Sherman, sequence of battles in the civil war (See Content Notes). I will continue our journey through the Civil War with a discussion about the war itself from 1861-1865 and the battles within the bloodiest war in American History. For every ten minutes of the presentation there will be a discussion question. At the end of the presentation, the whole class will discuss this question “Was the Civil War worth its costs?” I will gather from their answers whether they understand or not.
 * <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Equip, Explore, Rethink, Tailors: Logic, Visual, Interpersonal **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students will be able to imagine themselves in various roles in the Civil War. <span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">When the students engage in discussion, they will be able to reflect on their own opinions as well as those of others. At the end of the battles discussion I will have the students pick a battle that we discussed and do a quick write diary entry from the perspective of someone in that battle. Those who are stuck or do not understand can get extra help from me**,** and there will be feedback by the teacher on the product. On the first day, I will introduce students to [|JooMag], they will watch the tutorial. After they have seen the tutorial I will have them make a mag about their favorite president to try out the program. Individually, students will be using an online magazine creator called JooMag to make a diary from the viewpoint of someone in the Civil War. This could be a union or confederate soldier, the president, a general or even a wife left behind. Students will include 6 journal entries and be able to design their own cover. Most work on this project will be done in class.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> **Explore, Experience, Rethink, Revise, Refine, Tailors: Visual, Kinesthetic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal, Verbal, Logic**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students will self-assess using a rubric for their JooMag project. I will be walking around and giving feedback as students are working on the projects in class. The combination of this feedback will help students feel more confident of their work. It is important for students to keep in mind that this was a very real thing and it impacted real people just like them. The purpose of this lesson is for the student to feel the fear, loneliness and insecurity that people during this period felt. It also is a flexible project and allows students to express their creativity.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> **Evaluate, Tailors: Logic, Interpersonal, Intrapersonal**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students will know….. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">In December of 1862, Jackson commanded a victory at Fredericksburg, and then the famous flank march at Chancellorsville in May. The same night as that victory, May 2, 1863, Jackson was wounded by friendly fire while making a reconnaissance with a member of his staff. He died eight days later on May 10 from pneumonia, a complication of having his left arm amputated from the incident. <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Confederate Victory <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Union Victory <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Union Victory <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Confederate Victory <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Union Victory <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Union Victory <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Union Victory <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Union Victory <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Flow Chart
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content Notes __**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Robert E. Lee **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">- General-in-chief of the Confederate Army
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">George McClellan **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">-General-in-chief of the Union Army 1861-1862 then again in late 1863
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ambrose Burnside **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">- General in-chief of the Union Army Nov 10th 1862- Early 1863
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Joseph Hooker **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">- General-in-chief of the Union Army (shortly during 1863)
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">George Meade **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">- General-in-chief of the Union Army 1863-1864
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Ulysses S. Grant **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">- General-in-chief of the Union Army 1864- 1865
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">“Stonewall” Jackson **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">- At the war’s outbreak, Jackson accepted orders as a Colonel of Virginia militia and commanded at Harper’s Ferry. Jackson then took on the title of Brigadier general and led troops in the epic battle of First Manassas, where he and his brigade earned him the title “Stonewall.” So began Jackson’s status as a military celebrity. In November of 1861 he was promoted to major general and dispatched to the Shenandoah Valley to defend the south from Federal troops headed towards Richmond. Jackson organized extremely successful military maneuvers at Front Royal, Winchester, Cross Keys, and Port Republic in the spring of 1862. These led up to the Seven Days Battle around Richmond, where Jackson’s nonplussed performance on the outset gradually gained momentum. He made more epic showings at Second Manassas and then again in Sharpsburg at the Battle of Antietam. Following these events the Army of Northern Virginia was reorganized and Jackson was designated lieutenant general.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">William T. Sherman **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">- Brigadier General most famous for his “march to the sea” see below for details
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Military Terms: **
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Infantry- **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Units on foot
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Artillery- **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Units with heavy machinery such as cannons
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Cavalry- **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Units on horseback
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fort Sumter **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">- On April 12, 1861, General P.G.T. Beauregard, in command of the Confederate forces around Charleston Harbor, opened fire on the Union garrison holding Fort Sumter. At 2:30pm on April 13 Major Robert Anderson, garrison commander, surrendered the fort and was evacuated the next day. Confederate Victory
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">First Bull Run (Manassas)- **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Thiswas the first major land battle of the armies in Virginia. On July 16, 1861, the untried Union army under Brig. Gen. Irvin McDowell marched from Washington against the Confederate army, which was drawn up behind Bull Run beyond Centreville. On the 21st, McDowell crossed at Sudley Ford and attacked the Confederate left flank on Matthews Hill. Fighting raged throughout the day as Confederate forces were driven back to Henry Hill. Late in the afternoon, Confederate reinforcements extended and broke the Union right flank. The Federal retreat rapidly deteriorated into a rout. Thomas J. Jackson earned the nom de guerre “Stonewall.” By July 22, the shattered Union army reached the safety of Washington.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Shiloh- **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">On the morning of April 6, 1862, 40,000 Confederate soldiers under the command of Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston poured out of the nearby woods and struck a line of Union soldiers occupying ground near Pittsburg Landing on the Tennessee River. The overpowering Confederate offensive drove the unprepared Federal forces from their camps and threatened to overwhelm Ulysses S. Grant’s entire command. Some Federals made determined stands and by afternoon, they had established a battle line at the sunken road, known as the “Hornet's Nest.” Repeated Rebel attacks failed to carry the Hornet's Nest, but massed artillery helped to turn the tide as Confederates surrounded the Union troops and captured, killed, or wounded most. During the first day’s attacks, Gen. Johnston was mortally wounded and was replaced by P.G.T. Beauregard. Fighting continued until after dark, but the Federals held. By the next morning, the reinforced Federal army numbered about 40,000, outnumbering Beauregard’s army of less than 30,000. Grant’s April 7th counteroffensive overpowered the weakened Confederate forces and Beauregard’s army retired from the field. The two day battle at Shiloh produced more than 23,000 casualties and was the bloodiest battle in American history at its time.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Antietam- **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">The Army of the Potomac, under the command of George McClellan, mounted a series of powerful assaults against Robert E. Lee’s forces near Sharpsburg, Maryland, on September 17, 1862. The morning assault and vicious Confederate counterattacks swept back and forth through Miller’s Cornfield and the West Woods. Later, towards the center of the battlefield, Union assaults against the Sunken Road pierced the Confederate center after a terrible struggle. Late in the day, the third and final major assault by the Union army pushed over a bullet-strewn stone bridge at Antietam Creek. Just as the Federal forces began to collapse the Confederate right, the timely arrival of A.P. Hill’s division from Harpers Ferry helped to drive the Army of the Potomac back once more. The bloodiest single day in American military history ended in a draw, but the Confederate retreat gave Abraham Lincoln the “victory” he desired before issuing the Emancipation Proclamation.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Fredericksburg **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">- On November 14, Burnside, now in command of the Army of the Potomac, sent a corps to occupy the vicinity of Falmouth near Fredericksburg. The rest of the army soon followed. Lee reacted by entrenching his army on the heights behind the town. On December 11, Union engineers laid five pontoon bridges across the Rappahannock under fire. On the 12th, the Federal army crossed over, and on December 13, Burnside mounted a series of futile frontal assaults on Prospect Hill and Marye’s Heights that resulted in staggering casualties. Meade’s division, on the Union left flank, briefly penetrated Jackson’s line but was driven back by a counterattack. Union generals C. Feger Jackson and George Bayard, and Confederate generals Thomas R.R. Cobb and Maxey Gregg were killed. On December 15, Burnside called off the offensive and recrossed the river, ending the campaign.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Vicksburg **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">- In May and June of 1863, Maj. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant’s armies converged on Vicksburg, investing the city and entrapping a Confederate army under Lt. Gen. John Pemberton. On July 4, Vicksburg surrendered after prolonged siege operations. This was the culmination of one of the most brilliant military campaigns of the war. With the loss of Pemberton’s army and this vital stronghold on the Mississippi, the Confederacy was effectively split in half. Grant's successes in the West boosted his reputation, leading ultimately to his appointment as General-in-Chief of the Union armies.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Gettysburg- **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee concentrated his army around Gettysburg, Pennsylvania, upon the approach of Union Gen. George G. Meade’s forces. On July 1, Confederates drove Union defenders through Gettysburg to Cemetery Hill. The next day Lee struck the flanks of the Union line resulting in severe fighting at Devil's Den, Little Round Top, the Wheatfield, Peach Orchard, Culp’s Hill and East Cemetery Hill. Southerners gained ground but failed to dislodge the Union host. On the morning of July 3rd, fighting raged at Culp’s Hill with the Union regaining its lost ground. That afternoon, after a massive artillery bombardment, Lee attacked the Union center on Cemetery Ridge and was repulsed with heavy losses in what is known as Pickett’s Charge. Lee's second invasion of the North had failed.
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Sherman’s March to the Sea- **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">The March to the Sea, the most destructive campaign against a civilian population during the Civil War (1861-65), began in Atlanta on November 15, 1864, and concluded in Savannah on December 21, 1864. Union general William T. Sherman abandoned his supply line and marched across Georgia to the Atlantic Ocean to prove to the Confederate population that its government could not protect the people from invaders. He practiced psychological warfare; he believed that by marching an army across the state he would demonstrate to the world that the Union had a power the Confederacy could not resist. "This may not be war," he said, "but rather statesmanship."
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Appomattox Court House- **<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Harried mercilessly by Federal troops and continually cut off from turning south, Lee headed west, eventually arriving in Appomattox County on April 8. Heading for the South Side Railroad at Appomattox Station, where food supplies awaited, the Confederates were cut off once again and nearly surrounded by Union troops near the small village of Appomattox Court House. Despite a final desperate attempt to escape, Lee’s army was trapped. General Lee surrendered his remaining troops to General Grant at the McLean House on the afternoon of April 9.
 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Handouts __**


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Maine Standards for Initial Teacher Certification and Rationale __**


 * __<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Maine Common Core Teaching Standards for Initial Teacher Certification and Rationale __**


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Standard 1 – Learner Development. The teacher understands how learners grow and develop, recognizing that patterns of learning and development vary individually within and across the cognitive, linguistic, social, emotional, and physical areas, and designs and implements developmentally appropriate and challenging learning experiences. //**


 * //__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Learning Styles __//**


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Clipboard: There will be an opportunity to use graphic organizers and the notes and links will be on the class wiki so the clipboard learner will be organized. //**


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Microscope: There will be plenty of discussion questions addressed in this lesson so the microscope learner will be able to analyze and think critically of the antebellum period. //**


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Puppy: Since most of the work will be done in class, I will always be on hand to support the puppy learner to offer direction and feedback. //**


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Beach Ball: There are many options for the JooMag project so the beach ball learner will have plenty of choices for their interests. //**

//<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">This lesson will incorporate techniques to reach every learning style so all children will have the opportunity to learn. They will have plenty of support from the teacher, they will be organized with the class wiki and the graphic organizer, they will think critically of the antebellum period, and the options will be there for students to have a choice. //
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rationale: //**


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Standard 6 - //****<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> //Assessment. The teacher understands and uses multiple methods of assessment to engage learners in their on growth, to monitor learner progress, and to guide the teacher's and learner's decision making.// **


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Formative: During the presentation, after every ten minutes, there will be a discussion question for the class to reflect upon and discuss as a class. I will gather from their answers whether they understand. At the end of the battles discussion I will have the students pick a battle that we discussed and do a quick write diary entry from the perspective of someone in that battle. Those who are stuck or do not understand can get extra help from me, and there will be feedback by the teacher on the product. //**


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Summative (20 points): //**<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> **//Individually, students will be using an online magazine creator called JooMag to make a diary from the viewpoint of someone in the Civil War. This could be either a union or confederate soldier, the president, a general or even a wife left behind. Students will include 6 journal entries and be able to design their own cover//**


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rationale: //**<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> **//There will be a variety of assessment methods used from a quick discussion to more in depth rubrics and projects. This will give the students plenty of chances to get feedback and clarification.//**


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rationale: //**
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Standard 7 //****<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> - //Planning Instruction. The teacher plans instruction that supports every student in meeting rigorous learning goals by drawing upon knowledge of content areas, curriculum, cross-disciplinary skills, and pedagogy, as well as knowledge of learners and the community context.// **


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Content Knowledge: See Content Notes //**

<span style="background-color: white; font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Maine Learning Results
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">MLR or CCSS: //**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Social Studies E.History

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">E1- Historical Knowledge, Concepts, Themes, and Patterns

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Grade Level 6-8 "The Civil War and Reconstruction 1850-1877"

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students understand major eras, major enduring themes, and historic influences in the history of Maine,

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">the United States, and various regions of the world.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Performance Indicators: b,c

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> **//Facet://** //Explanation//

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> **//Rationale://** //Students will meet this standard because they will learn through various methods how the Civil War was the most devastating war in our nation’s history, both on a personal and conceptual level. Through their JooMag project, they will be able to show the different points of view that were held by people at the time.//


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Standard 8 - //****<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> //Instructional Strategies. The teacher understands and uses a variety of instructional strategies to encourage learners to develop deep understanding of content areas and their connections, and to build skills to apply knowledge in meaningful ways.// **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Verbal- The quick write diary will allow verbal learners to write their feelings.
 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">MI Strategies: //**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Logic- The flow chart will allow logical learners to write the order of battles down in an organized way.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Kinesthetic- Trying the hardtack will help the kinestetic learner feel how the soldiers felt.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Interpersonal- Sharing the quick write will allow interpersonal learners time to share and talk with others.

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Intrapersonal- writing the quick write diary will allow intrapersonal learners time for self- reflection

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;"> Naturalist- the hardtack paired with being outside in nature will make the survival aspect feel more real to the naturalist learner.


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Type II Technology:JooMag //**


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rationale: This lesson will incorporate all of the learning styles so every child will have the chance to learn in the way that works best for them while also giving them practice time to grow their other strengths. //**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">a. Promote, support, and model creative and innovative thinking and inventiveness
 * //__<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">NETS STANDARDS FOR TEACHERS __//**
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">1. Facilitates and Inspire Student Learning and Creativity. Teachers use their knowledge of subject matter, teaching and learning, and technology to facilitate experiences that advance student learning, creativity, and innovation in both face-to-face and virtual environments. **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">b. Engage students in exploring real-world issues and solving authentic problems using digital tools and resources

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">c. Promote student reflection using collaborative tools to reveal and clarify students’ conceptual understanding and thinking, planning, and creative processes

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">d. Model collaborative knowledge construction by engaging in learning with students, colleagues, and others in face-to-face and virtual environments


 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rationale: //****//<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Students will be able to use technology to express their originality through the glogster project. With all the choices available for them, they will have the opportunity to pick one that resonates with them and put their creativity to work. //**

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">a. Design or adapt relevant learning experiences that incorporate digital tools and resources to promote student learning and creativity
 * <span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">2. Design and Develop Digital Age Learning Experiences and Assessments. Teachers design, develop, and evaluate authentic learning experiences and assessment incorporating contemporary tools and resources to maximize content learning in context and to develop knowledge, skills, and attitudes identified in the NETS-S. **

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">b. Develop technology-enriched learning environments that enable all students to pursue their individual curiosities and become active participants in setting their own educational goals, managing their own learning, and assessing their own progress

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">c. Customize and personalize learning activities to address students’ diverse learning styles, working strategies, and abilities using digital tools and resources

<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">d. Provide students with multiple and varied formative and summative assessments aligned with content and technology standards and use resulting data to inform learning and teaching

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 * //<span style="font-family: 'Times New Roman',serif; font-size: 10pt;">Rationale: Students have many ways to show that they have learned the material over many different platforms. These assessments drive the teacher’s learning about what works and doesn’t work. //** ||  ||   ||
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